Safety Components of Electronics

Kisi bhi Electronics circuit (इलेक्ट्रॉनिक  सर्किट )  mai Safety components ka bhut bda rol hota hai. Circuit mai Safety components ka use electronics product ko protect   karne ke liye kiya jata hai. jese - Hight Voltage,  High current, Temperature, Short circuit etc.

(1) Electronics Safety Components

Iss post me most important safety components ke bare me step by step hindi mai description diya gya hai

Please read it with attention


Electronics product ko theek uski properties ke according power

supply di jati hai.  Correct power supply dene ke liye kuchh electronics components  ki controlling ki jroort padhti hai.  In electronics components ko safety components kahte hai.


Electronics safety components -    Niche electronics safety                                                                      components k bare mai detail mai diya gay hai.

Fuse: 

              Fuse ek esa Electronic or Electrical component hai jiska use circuit mai Short Circuit, High Voltage or High current ke 
protection ke liye kiya jata hai.

(2) Electric Fuse

Construction and working of Fuse 

Fuse ek bhut patali wire se bnaya jata hai jo Zinc, Copper, Aluminium, Silver or Alloy (मिस्र धातु ) ka bna hota hai.

Fuse ko AC line ke series mai mount kiya jata hai. Jab line me koi short circuit hota hai to fuse se kafi jyada current flow hone lagti hai, jis karan fuse ki wire melt ho jati hai.  ya (पिघल     -    India mai fuse ke melt hone ko bolte hai फ्यूज उड़ गया है, 😆😆 fuse ud ke khi nhi jata hai vo  पिघल जाता है | ) . 

(3) SMD Fuse

(4) Latest Fuse

Ab agge device me koi current flow nhi hoti hai, kuki circuit open ho jata hai or hmara उपकरण damage hone se bach jata hai.



Fuse Alag alag shape v size ke hote hai jo Figure me dikhaye gye hai.

MOV:    

              
               MOV ka full form Metal Ocside Variester hota hai. Sabi Electronics product ke - SMPS,  Power supply, Charger, adaptor, Led Bulb mai MOV ka paryog kiya jata hai or every AC to DC converter me iska use hota.


Construction of MOV - 

(5) MOV

                                           Iski do leg (plate) hoti hai, dono plates ke beech me metal Oxide hota hai, iski plate semiconductor ki hoti hai or iske do legs ke beech ka Resistance anant hota hai( very high) Figure(5) mai iska 3D view dikhaya gya hai.






Work and use of MOV in Circuit:   
                                                        
 MOV ko circuit mai Line (L) or Neutral (N)  ke parallel me lagaya jata hai. 

                     Jab circuit mai MOV ke rating se upper high voltage ati hai ya koi Surge ati hai to MOV ka break down ho jata hai or Iska resistance very low ho jata hai. Jisse sari current ground ho jati hai or agge ka circuit damage hone se bach jata hai.


Kuki yha abb short circuit ho jata hai to line ke series me lgaa fusible resistor short circuit ko protect kar leta hai.



               Also read
              Voltage Regulator 

         Working of Multimeter 

Fusible Resistor -  

                                Ye resistor normally 1 ohm - 20 ohm resistance ke hote hai. Ye ek fuse ki tarah hi kam karte hai. 

(6) Fusible Resistor

Ye circuit  me 
series me connect kiye jate hai or ye circuit mai line current ko control arte hai.
      Inka use - Mobile charger, SMPS, Power supply, Inverter etc. me kiya jata hai.

Thermistor : 

                          Thermistor electronics ka ek bhut achha safety component hai,  Iske sath - sath Thermistor ek achha thermal sensor bhi hai. As a safety components iska use Inrush current  or   temperature control ke liye kiya jata hai.     

                   ∆R  =  k∆T         
        
               Sath hi iska use circuits me transistor ki switching ke liye kiya jata hai. 

 Thermistor 2 parkar ka hota hai 

(1) NTC                  (2)  PTC


NTC Thermistor -    

(7 NTC Thermistor

                                                      Iska full form    Negative Temperature Coefficient  Thermistor   hota hai.   Room temperature par  NTC ka resistance high hota hai. Iske aas - pas ka ka temperature bdne par iska resistance low hone lagta hai.

Working -    
                  Temperature increase hone par NTC ka Resistance decrease hone lgta hai.

   here   R ∝ 1/T       (when  T ↑ than  R↓)       

(8) PTC Thermistor

PTC Thermistor -                                                                                                              Iska full form Positive Temperature Coefficient hota hai.  Room temperature mai iska 
resistance low hota hai.

Working  -  
                Temperature increase hone par PTC ka Resistance bhi increase hone lagta hai.
      here  R ∝  T      ( when  T ↑ than  R↑)




Y- Capacitor -   
                           Figure (9) mai  Y capacitor ka 3D view diya gya hai. Yah  capacitor     high voltage ratting ka hota hai.   Iska use Voltage protection ke liye Electronics circuit mai kiya jata hai.

(9) Y Capacitor

Ise "Line to Ground Capacitor" or "The line by pass capacitor" bhi kha jata hai. 

For example:    Power supply (Charger) me app ne dekha hoga ki Transformer ki primary v secondary side ke beech mai ek blue colour ka Y cap laga hota hai. 

Symbol Of Safety Components :

Figure (10) mai - Symbol of MOV,   Symbol of Thermistor,   Symbol of Fuse,   Symbol of Y - Capacitor etc. Diya gya hai.

(10) Symbol of Safety Components

Also read
Electronics के सभी Components के बारे में detail में जाने 


SMT Components के बारे में जाने 




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