Basic Knowledge of Electronics Circuit

Different types ke electronics components ke combination se kisi kam ko krne ke liye ek circuit bnaya jata hai jise electronic circuit kha jata hai. Circuits mai jin  different types ke components (Resistor, Capacitor, Diode, Inductor, Transistor, IC, Sensor, Transformer, LED etc. ) ka use kiya jata hai unki working bhi alag-alag hoti hai. 

(1). Basic Knowledge Of Electronics Circuit

Circuit mai components ko inke role (working) ke base mai lgaya jata hai. Jis components ka jo kam hota circuit mai vah apni properties ke according work krta hai. 

Electronics circuit ku or kese bnaya jata hai ?

Electronics circuit ki help se ham different types ki Devices, Machine, Equipment, Robotics, Home appliances etc. bnate hai.
 Example-- Mobile phone, TV, Washing washing controlling system, Energy meter, Chargers, Power bank,  Computers, Music system, Digital displays, Cameras, Measuring instruments, Digital thermometer, Medical Equipment, Toys, Video game, GPS and Navigation  system, Satellite system, Digital communication system, Home automaton etc. 

Electronic circuit 2 types ke hote hai- 
1.- Analog Circuit 
2.- Digital Circuit


Simple Electronic circuit bnane ke liye  kam se kam 5 chijo ki requirement hoti hai.

• Electronics Components
• PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
• Circuit Layout or Design and Layout Design software
• Soldering tools and Equipment
• Software (Were data and controlling required)

Electronic Components -

Electronics components 2 types ke hote hai 

1.- Passive components -  Resistor, Capacitor, Indudctor, Transformer, Relay etc.
2.- Active Components - Diode, Transistor, ICs, Microcontroller 

PCB- 

PCB (Printed Circuit Board)  ek fiber ki plate hoti hai jiske upper copper ka Layout (Circuit) bnaya jata hai. PCB Electronic circuit ka ek medium hai jisme Copper Layout ki help se Components ko mount kiya jata hai.


Also read -Circuit design Process (PCB डिज़ाइन कैसे किया जाता है)

Circuit Layout or and Layout Design software - 

Layout ko PCB ke upper bnaya jata hai jo copper ka bna hota hai. Sbse phle Layout ko ek PCB design software ki help se design kiya jata hai. fir is layout ko PCB mai print kar diya jata hai. 

         

(2). Circuit Diagram design in Altium

                            

(3). PCB Layout design process in Altium

Soldering tools and Equipment

In equipment ki help se Components ko Layout ke sath connect (soldering) kiya jata hai. Production mai SMD components or THT components ki soldering process alag-alag hoti hai.

Basically soldering krne ke 4 types hai.

• By soldering Iron
• Dip soldering
• Wave soldering
• Re-flow soldering

(4). Different type of soldering Tools

Software -

Software ki jroort tab pdhti jab ham Embedded system based circuit bnate. Mtlab in circuit mai ham Microcontroller  ka use karte hai . Sensor ko interface krane ke liye bhi software ki jroort pdhti hai. Ese circuit ka use automation  mai kiya jata hai, or device automatic kam krti hai and Data ko transfer and store bhi kiya jata hai. Software C, C++, Python etc. language mai generate kiya jata hai. Software,,, devices ki functioning ke according bnaya jata hai. 

  Also read
                        What is SMT Components
                       
                        Use of Electronic 
                        
                        Electronics companies in India
                        
                        Voltage Regulator IC
                        
                        Transistor Switching with Relay


Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology)  so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.

Please share my post link and Follow

Thank you very much

Electronics Circuit

Electronic Circuit (विधुतकी परिपथ ) current ka kisi conductor ya semiconductor mai flow karne ke liye ek complete solution hai.  Kisi  special Electronic product ko bnane ke liye, Electronic Circuit ko Electronics  Components ke  alag - alag combination se bnaya
 jat hai.   
      

(1) Electronic Circuit

            Electronic circuit ka nirman Electronics components   ( Jese - Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor, Diode, Transistor, IC, transformer etc.), Voltage source, Current source, PCB, Wire, Track, Conductor, Semiconductor, Firmware etc. ke different - different combination se bnaya jata hai.  

In electronics components ka use karke simple v complicated electronic circuit bnaye jate hai.



Example -            Yha ek bhut hi simple circuit diya gya hai, Is circuit mai  sirf  3 components (battery, Resistor or LED) use kiye hai or kuchh wire use ki hai. Jab ham circuit pcb mai bnate hai to vha wires ki jagah Copper tracks ka use karte hai. 

(2) Simple circuit of Electronics or Electrical 

Voltage source -       Yha battery 🔋 ek voltage source ki tarh kam karti hai. Yha circuit ko e.m.f (Electromotive Force ) pardan karta hai. 

Resistor -    Yah Circuit me current ko control karta hai or LED ko desired current pardan krata hai kuki LED ko uske rating se jyada current milne par vah damge ho jati hai. 

LED -     LED ko uske  across mai voltage milne par vah Light emit karti hai. To ham light ki jroort padhne par iska use karte hai. 

Wire or Track -   Wire as a conductor kam kati hai, iski help se components ko ek doosre se connect kiya jata hai. Jise ek complete circuit ban jata hai yah figure (2) mai dukhaya gya hai. Wire ke madhyam se current battery ke +ve  terminal se nikalkar -ve terminal me pahuch jati hai. 




Also read 
          Multimeter (Digital and Analog)

Process of development electronics circuit :

Electronics Industry mai koi electronics product development karne ke lye Circuit design R&D department ke andar aata hai. R&D sbse first process hoti hai jo top level mai atai hai. Electronics circuit ko ek qualified Electronics Engineer bnata hai. 

           Circuit design ke liye Circuit design software ya PCB design software ka use kiya jata hai.

Circuit design ki process ko niche step by step btaya gya hai.   

(1).  Components symbol   -   Ye symbol PCB design software ki librarey mai mil jatae hai or software ki help se hme khud ke symbol ki drawing bn skte hai. Symbol drow ho jane par iski file ko save kar lete hai.

(2).  Circuit Diagram (schematic Diagram) -  

Symbol create ho jane ke bad, un symbols ko jinki hme circuit mai need hai unhe Schematic sheet  mai place kar dete hai.

(3) Circuit Diagram (Schematic)

                   

                      Iske bad components ka unki properties ke according arrengment kiya jata hai. Iske bad software ke tool ki help se components ko apas mai connect kar liya jata hai. Schematic sheet ban jane ke file ko save kar liya jat hai.


            Also read 
                        15 Volt DC to 12V  DC & 5V DC मै कैसे कन्वर्ट करें ?
                                   

 (3). Foot Print -        Yah circuit design ki software mai 3rd process hai. Foot prints components ki actual size hota hai. Inhe components ki dimension ke according bnaya jata hai. 

(4) Foot print

                 

      Maximum foot print hme software ki librarey mai mil jate hai. Jo foot print librarey mai nhi milte une tool ki help se drow ka liya jat hai. SMD components ho ya through hole components ho dono ko unke size ke according unka foot print bna liya jata hai. Iske bad foot print ki file ya sheet ko save kar liya jat hai.

 (4). Layout -          Layout designing, circuit design ki 4th or last process hai. isme schematic ke according components ka arregment kiya jata hai. Ab hme PCB ka size or shape ko draw karna hota hai jiske andar hme pure circuit ka layout bnana hota hai. 

(5) PCB Layout

                               Ek achchha PCB designer  kam area mai kafi bde circuit ko bnane ki kosis karta hai. PCB design ke bhut sare rules hote hai, jinhe flow karke ek designer ek beautiful circuit bnata hai. Ab iss file ko bhi save kar liya jat hai. 

      3D View of PCB -     Figure (6) mai PCB ka 3D view diya gya hai, hmari final PCB figure(6) ke sman bnti hai, Iss circuit mai sare components SMD ke mount kiye gye hai.

(6) 3D View of PCB

Sari files ko save karte time  un sbhi files ko same  nam se system mai save kiya jata hai. Fir uski Gerber file bna li jati hai. Yha pe PCB designer ka kam khatm ho jat hai.

                         

Upper di hui sari process ko follow karke ek complete electronics circuit  ka design kiya jata hai. In sari process ko complete karne ke liye vhut sare tools ki bhi kroot padhti hai sath hi companies ko Engineers and kusal employers ki jroort padhti hai.


Also read 
             Identification of Electronic Components 

          What is Electronics  

          Electronics Companies in India 
          
          






Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology)  so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.

Thank you very much

What is Electronics ?(Electronics kya he)

Present time me ham sabhi log Electronics or Technology se ghire pdhe he. Jha pe Technology or Science ki bat hoti he vha pe Electeonics ka apna ek visesh sthan hota he. Engineering ki sbhi branch jese Mechanical, Electrical, Information Technology, Software engineering, Auto mobile, Communication Engineering, Medical science etc. 

 In sbhi ka vjoot Electronics ke bina kuchh nhi hai. Agr Vartman me Electronics na hoti to hmari Technology bahut pichhe hoti. 

Electronic circuit Board 

 Agar Electronics na hoti to Engineering ki koi bhi branch kusalta poorvak kam nhi krti. Electronics ka sbse jyada use pichhle 50 salo se jyada ho rha he or Future me iska bhut hi use hoga. Sheede words me khu to to app jo mera post abhi read kr rhe he vo electronics ki bdolat hi kr rhe he.

 App is post ko kisi Mobile 📱 ya Computer 💻 ya laptop me se  kisi ek me  pdh rhe hoge ye sab Electronics engineering ki bdolat he. 

Definition of Electronics (परिभाषा) - 

 Engineering ki vh branch  jisme hm  electrons(Electricity) ka kisi conductor ya semiconductor me flow hone ki study krte he Electronics kahlati he.

                           Ya                                                                                                                 Electronics, science and technology ki vh branch he jha hm kisee particular work (kam) ko karne ke liye, Electronics ke chhote chhote components (Resistor, Transistor, Capacitor, Inductor, Diode, IC, Relay, LED etc.) ka use krke ek complete circuit design krte he.  

The branch Engineering in which we studed flow of electrons (electricity) in a conductor or semiconductor that is called Electronics.

Electronics circuit 

Use of Electrons - 

1 - Use in Home - 

     Mobile 📱 , Television 📺, Computer 💻,  

    Laptop,           Music system, Entertainment.    Equipment, Toys,    Radio 📻 ,      Remote Controller Equipment,    AC,             Inverter,                          Digital clock,    Digital Camera,     Energy meter,         Washing machine,       Water level alarm etc. 

Electronics in Home 

2- Medical field 

  ECG & EEG machine,    X-ray,      Ultrasound,     CT scene machine,     MRI machine,      Digital Thermameter, Medical imagine machine,     Medical laser,     Surgical machine,      Medical Laboratory equipment,     Medical monitors etc. 
     

Electronics in Medical 

3 - Electronics in Industrys -

CCTV,      CRO,     ameter,    Voltmeter,               Ohmmeter, 

Automation,      Computer systems, Mesuring equipment,        CNC machine,          Lightning,    Digital Multimeter,               Lift and escalator, Displays,     Projector,     PLC,           networking Equipment.            Robotics 🤖 etc. 

4 - Automobile - 

Electronics ka use Car,    Bus,      bike, truck,        E - rexa,      train,        metro,      airplane etc. me.        automation, Display,                 GPS,              Signal indicator,         meters, sensors,       lighting etc.          ke liye kiya jata he.

Electronics in car 

5 - Film Industry & Media - 

     Different type of musical instruments,            Camara 📽📸 ,                Audio video broadcasting,          Recording system,                       Lighting system,         Microphone,         Audio Transmitter etc. 

Electronics in music system 

5 - Military and Security  - 

    Radar communication,      Microwave,           Different types of tool,           Electronic Warfare,             Military Radio systems,         Night vision device,         Metal director, Finger prints scanner,                                                    Military computer etc. 

RADAR Communication

6 - Use of electronics in advance Technology - 
         Satellite 📡  Communication,               Robotics 🤖,             Networking,          Research & Development,              Navigation 

Satellite 

7- Other use of Electronics - 

    ATM 🏧,          Electronics Voting Machine,         Solar Equipment,              Different types of Manufacturing process,         Drone etc.
  

Solar System 

      Present time esa koi bhi kam nhi he jha electronics ka use na hota ho.  Electronics ne kam krne ki speed ko bdha diya he. Koi  process ko kne me time bhi kam lgta he or kam me result bhi achha ata he.  


 Friends agr apko Electronics v mere website se related koi bhi question he to app hme comment kr skte ho. Please apna feedback jroor dena, or Comment krna 
Thank you

What is Inductor ? (Inductor kya he?)

Inductor ek passive electronics component he jo kisi electrical energy ko magnetic field ke roop store krta he 

An Inductor is a passive electronic component that store electrical energy in the form of magnetic field in the circuit.

Inductor ke khoj krta Joseph Henry he. 

Jab kisi bhi conductor wire me koi current flow hoti he to conductor ke charo traf ek magnetie field generat ho jata (Means conductor ek chumbk ki trh kam krne lgta he). Isi base pr inductor ka nirmad kiya jata he.

Inductor ke magnetic field generat krne ki prosess ko Inductance kha jata he. Inductor ko 'L' se demote kiya jata he. Iski Unit (Matrk)  Henery (H)  he.

For example -  1H, 20 mH,  100uH etc. 

 Ise hindi me प्रेरक khte hai.

Inductor ka Electronic symbol v 3D figure niche diya he. ⬇️⬇️

Symbol of fixed inductor

Symbol of variable inductor

• 

  Inductor
  
  

Use of Inductor - 

• Oscilattor bnane me 
• Filters bnane me 
• Current smooth krne me
• Resonator me
• Tuned circuts me 
• Scientific purpose ke liye  etc.      

   

Toroid type inductor 

Inductor ke apne iss gun ke kard isee bnaii jane wali chije niche di he 

Transformer bnane me

Relay bnane me 

Motors bnane me 

Electricity generate krne me Turbine me etc. 

Main point for Inductor 🤔🤔🤔🤔🤔

• Ek inductor DC ko pass krta he or AC ko block krta he. Mtlb DC ke liye short circut v AC ke liye open circuit ka kam krta he. 
• Inductor Electromagnetic Inductance ke sidhant pr work krta he.
• Agr kisi inductor se current pass hoti he to vh ek magnet bn jata he. Tatha vh iron se bni chijo ko apni or attract krta he.
• Agr kisi winding se current flow hoti he or uske njdeek koi doosri winding late he to dossri winding me mutual inductance utpnn ho jata. Pr esa winding pr AC current gujarne pr hota he.
• Jab inductor ko emf. diya jata he to vh kafi lmbe time ke liye charge ho jati he. 
• Jab kisi coil me DC current pass hoti he to coil ke surrounding ek constant(Na privrtan hone wala)  megnetic field generate hota he or AC ke pass hone pe ek variable megnetic field utppn hota he 

   

Variable Magnetic field ki matra ko Magnetic flux khte he ise Φ se denote krte he.

Hence 
 Quantities of inductance.      L =  Φ/I

Other name of inductor 
Coil,  Chock, Filter, inductor 

Construction of inductor - 
Inductor ko kisi core (jese ferrite core) ke charo or kisi wire se winding krke banya jata he.  Application or power or inductance ke adhar pr inductor ka constitution alag alag treeke se kiya jata he. Jese Rode type inductor, Toroid type inductor etc.
Is parkar inductor ko fixed or variable dono parkar ka bnaya jata he.

Dependents of inductance - 

• Number of turns of wire
• Lengh of  wire 
• Radius of wire 
• Radius and lenth of coil 
• Core 
• Physical properties of wire and core.

Note -                                                                        1H    =  10^3 mH  = 1000 mH                            1H.     =  10^ 6 uH  = 1000000 uH               1mH   =  10^ 3 uH  = 1000 uH

Inductor  ko resistor ki trh series me do ya do se adhik inductor  connect kr  uska inductance bdhaya jata he v parallel me connect kr  inductance ko ghtaya jata he.

If you requires more information about inductor so you can contact us. 

 Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology) so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.

Thank you very much

          

What is Capacitor ?

 "Capacitor ek esa electronic component he jo kisi circuit me electric charge  (vidhut avesh) ko store krta he".

Electronics ka main component capacitor (संधारित्र ) hi he. Capacitor  do terminal ka passive component hota he. Esa koi bhi circuit nhi hoga jisme jisme capacitor use na hota ho, circuit chhota ho ya bda ho  capacitor ka use usme hota hi he.

Capacitor ka pryog electronics ke sath sath electric circuit me bhi kiya jata he prntu jyadatr use electronics circuit me hi kiya jata he.

koi bhi capacitor circuit me AC signal (Ya current) ko aage ki or pass krta he tatha DC current ko aage ki or jane se rokta  he arthat DC current ko block kr deta he.

Is parkar Capacitor AC signal ke liye Short circuit (Low resistance) ki trh kam krta he or DC current ke liye open circuit (High Resistance) ki tarh kam krta he.

Capacitor is an electronics component which stores electric charge in the circuit.

Capacitor ko 'C' se denote krte he, iski value ko (unit) 'Fared' me mapa jata he.
Capacitor ka symbol niche figure me diya gya he  →
                                   

Symbol of fixed and variable capacitor


 Construction -  Capacitor me do metal ki plates hoti he or dono plates ke beech me dielectric (Pravedhutank) pdarth  ko rkha jata he.
Jab capacitor ke ek terminal ko battery ke possiteve terminal se tatha capacitor ke doosre terminal ko battery ke negative terminal se connect krte  he to capacitor ke ek plate me positive charge or dosri plate pr negative charge jma ho jate he. Iska matlb yh hota he ki capacitor me charge store ho jata he jo voltage ko hta lene pr bhi salo ke liye iseme charge store rhta he.
agr capacitor ko discharge krna hota he to capacitor ke parallel me koi resistor lgaya jata he.
                         formula of capacitance                                                    C = Q/V

                                     and                                                                            C = દA/D
Capacitor ki jo value hoti he use capacitance me mapa jata he.
Capacitor ka 3D view figure ke madhyam ye niche diya gya he
Note - Kisi bhi circuit me lge capacitor ke terminals ko ek sath chhoona nhi chahiye esa krne se itna jor ka shock lg  skta he ki insan ki mot bhi ho skti he.


Use of Capacitor :::

• Electronics circuit me filter ke roop me
• Oscillator bnane me
• Scientific field me
• Temporary battery ki trh
• Energy storage
• Coupling me etc.

 
Types of Capacitor -
Capacitor 3 parkar ke hote he ;;;
1- Value ke adhar par

(a) fixed capacitor --
is ki value fixed hoi he jese - 50uF, 100uF, 470uF, 100nf, 22pf etc.

(b) Variable capacitor --
is capacitor ke capacitance ko ghtaya ya bdhaya jata he, jese- 10 uf - 100uf etc.

2- Pol ke adhar par

(a) polar capacitor
In capacitors me ek terminal positive (+ve) v doosra terminal negative (-ve) hota he, terminal ke adhar par hi isko circuit me +ve ko +ve se v  -ve ko -ve voltage se connect kiya jata he.
Electrolyte capacitor ek polar capacitor hota he.

(b)  Non-Polar capacitor ---
Is parkar ke capacitor me koi fixed pole (dhurv) nhi hota he, islie ise circuit me kisi bhi treeke se connect kr skte he,

3- Construction ke adhar par (size v shape ke adhar pr)

• Electrolyte capacitor
• Ceramic capacitor
• Mica Capacitor
• Polyester capacitor
• Film capacitor

kisi bhi capacitor ko construction ke adhar par hm dekh kr phchante he ki yh konsa capacitor he or circuit me unhe unki properties adhar pr connect kiya jata he.
chitr ke madhyam se app capacitor ko ache se pahchan skte ho.
Niche sbhi parkar ke capacitors ka figure diya gya he ⬇️⬇️




electrolyte Capacitor 

In sbhi parkar ke capacitor ki working same hoti he, sbi me do metal ki plates hoti he. Lekin alg-alg parkar ke capacitors me difference inki plates ke beech me rkhe dielectric & construction  ka hota he. In sbhi parkar ke capacitor ka use inki characteristics ke adhar pr hota he

CERAMIC CAPACITOR

Tantulam electrolyte Capacitor 

POLYESTER CAPACITOR

MICA CAPACITOR

YOU CAN IDENTIFY TO THE CAPACITORS USING FIGURE

Capacitance range of different types of capacitor (Alag - alag caapcitor ka capacitance seema ) - 

1-  Electrolyte              -       1uF - 47000 
2- Ceramic                   -       100 Pf - 10 uF  
3-  Polyester                 -        100 Pf - 10 uF
4-  Mica.                      -        20 Pf - 10 uF

Note -
              1 F      =      1000 mF                    
              1 F      =      1000000 uF               
              1F       =      1000000000 nF        
              1F       =      1000000000000 pF

 Yha  F ka mtlb Fared he. Hmm electronics circuit me maximum micro fared valu ka capacitor use krte he
           YOU CAN IDENTIFY TO THE CAPACITORS USING FIGURE 😃😃

Identification of Electronics Components

         

Identification of electronics components (electronics components ko phchanna)

Hello friends agr aap science ya technical ke students hain or app hindi mai pdhna pasand karte hai  ya aap electronics se related koee bhi kam krna chahte hain to yh post apko jroor pdhna chahiye. Aj is post me apko electronics circuit me upyog hone wale sbhi components ke bare me btane ja rha hu. Isliye is article ko dhyan se pdhna or seekhna. is post me sbhi components ko unke figure ke madhyam se dikhaya gya he jise aap asani ne components ko identify kr skte he. figure neeche diye he.

Please read it with attention 

Electronics component -

"Ve element jineke dvara kisi visesh kam ko krne hetu ek  complete electronic circuit (devices) bnaya jata he electronics components khlate he"

"That elements which helps we makes a complete electronic circuit are called electronics component".

Electronics components hmare ghro  me use hone wale sbhi upkrodo jese TV, Radio, Computer, Mobile phone, DVD player, music system etc. me use hota he iske alawa networking v anny automation upkrdo me industry me kiya jata he.
Electronics components do parkar ke hote he 

1. Active component
2. Passive component   

Active component -

Ve components jiki chalkt aadi voltage ya dhara ke man se control hoti he active component khlate he. Ye kisi circuit me kisis signal ka amplification bhi krte he.
Jese-
Transistor,
Diode,
MOSFET,
IC,
UJT,
O-pam etc.

Transistor






IC (Integrated Circuit)



Diode

also read
SMT Components  (Ajkal SMD components ka jyada use hota hai)

Useful Electronics components datasheet

Passive component:
Ve component jinki chalkta (conductivity) aadi voltage ya current se control nhi hoti he passive component khlate he. Arthat inke kam krne ke liye kisi bahy urja source ki aavsykta nhi hoti he
Jese-

Resistor,
Capacitor,
Inductor,

Resistor








Capacitor



Inductor

Is parkar electronics component ka alg alg treeke se use krke alg alg parkar ke upkarn (devices)  bnaye jate he. Arthat alg alg components ke alg alg combination ke adhar pr alg alg electronics circuit bnaye jate he.

Dosto is post me mene electronics components ko figure ke madhyam se unka real view dikhya gya he. dosto agar apko sbhi components ke bare me detail me janna he to uske liye mene dusra article bnaya he app site me jakar search kr skte he
dosto ummed he apko ye post pasand aya hoga. 
thank you.

  
Also Read :::::

What is resistor and Colour codding of Resistor?

Safety Components of Electronics 




Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology) so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.

Thank you very much