Showing posts sorted by date for query logic gate. Sort by relevance Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by date for query logic gate. Sort by relevance Show all posts

Friday, October 23, 2020

How to Read SMD Resistor Value full details in Hind

SMD or SMT Resistor ki value ko read krna Through Hole Resistor (THT) ki compare mai bhut easy hai. THT components mai colours ke according ham resistance ki value ko nikalte hai isliye hme colours ko yaad krna pdhta hai but SMD mai yh bhut hi simple hota hai.

SMD resistor ki value ko simple mathematical expression se bhut fast jaan skte hai.



SMD Resistor
(1). SMD Resistors 



Kisi bhi Resistor mai minimum 1 digit or maximum 4 digit hoti hai. In digits ke according ham  resistance ki value calculate krte hai.


1. Digit code -  

One digit code sirf '0' ohm ke liye hi hota hai. 0 ohm ko 1 to 4 digit kisi me bhi likha ja skta hai. Number of digit tolerance ko show krta hai. Tolerance ke bare me ham aage discuss krege. 

2. Digit code-   

Isme resistance ke upper kewal 2 Digit ya character hote hai.

Example-  kisi resistance ke upper 1R, 1E, 3R, 5R etc. likha hai to uski value hogi ----

                                    1R -  1ohm 
                                    1E -  1ohm
                                    3R -  3 ohm
                                    5R -  5 ohm

                         

3. Digit code -   

Isme resistance ke upper kewal 3 Digit ya character hote hai.

Example-  kisi resistance ke upper 1R3, 3ER, 100, 123, 471 etc. likha hai to uski value hogi ----          

                                  1R3  -    1.3 Ohm
                       3R3 or 3E3 -    3.3ohm
                                  100    =  10x100        
                                        =  10x1   
          So                 100  =  10 ohm 

                                       123  =   12x10      
                                        =  12x 1000
            So                123  =  12000 ohm  or 12K ohm 

                                 471   = ? (For you)


4- Digit code      

Isme resistance ke upper kewal 4 Digit ya character hote hai.

Example-  kisi resistance ke upper 47R0, 1001, 5101, 2203 etc. likha hai to uski value hogi ----      
                                   

SMD Resistor value
(2) 4 Digit SMD Resistor 
                          
                   
  Example -    
                                    47R0   =   47 x 100    
                                           =  47 x 1
                      So      47R0   = 47 ohm

                                 
                                    1001  = 100 x 101    
                                          = 100 x 10
                  So         1001  = 1000 ohm or 1K ohm



                                 5101  = 510 x 101    
                                          = 510 x 10
                  So          5101  = 5100 ohm or 5.1K ohm or 5K1 ohm
          
                                   2203  = 220 x 103    
                                          = 220 x 1000
                  So          2203  = 220000 ohm or 220K ohm

Note - SMD resistor mai 'R, E' Ohm ko show krta hai or 'K' Kilo ohm ko show krta hai. SMD  Resistor mai R, E ka use  point(.) ko denote krne ke liye kiya jata hai. Example 1R5ohm,  ise ham 1.5 ohm likhege to point  hme acche se dikhai nhi dega isliye reistor ke upper point ki jgah R or E  likna jayada best rhta hai. 


So friends, Upper diye eample ke according aap kisis bhi resistance ki value calulate kar skte hai.


Also read
                               Voltage Regulator IC 7805, 7809, 7812

                               Sensor 

                               SMD electronics component के बारे मै                              
                               Logic Gate | लॉजिक गेट 

  Capacitor As a Battery, Power Supply na hone par charger ki LED long time tak ku glow karti hai?



                         


Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology)  so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.



Please share my post link and Follow



Thank you very much

Sunday, April 19, 2020

Voltage divider Circuit | वोल्टेज डिवाइडर

Voltage Divider ka use basically DC and AC dono types ke voltage ko divide krne ke liye kiya jata hai. Niche post mai detail mai alag - alag components ke use se voltage divide krne treeke btaye gye hai.



Voltage divider circuit in hindi
(1). Voltage Divider Circuit







Voltage divider ka use use electronic circuit mai kafi kiya jata hai or yah bhut hi useful hai, Agar hme 9 volt ko 4 volt mai convert krna hai to ham is technic se easily kar skte hai . Please read it with attention !.

Voltage divider circuit ko 3 treeke se bnaya ja skta :

  • Resistive Voltage Divider circuit 
  • Capacitive Voltage Divider circuit
  • Inductive Voltage Divider circuit

Resistive Voltage Divider circuit :-

Yah circuit Resistor ka use krke bnaya jata hai. Yah circuit DC v AC don ko step-down kar skta hai. Niche circuit ke according R1, R2 ki value ko change krke output voltage ko change kar skte hai.



Resistive voltage divider in hindi
(2). ResistiveVoltage divider Circuit










Formula :-




Here  
  R1 & R2 =  Resistor Value
Vo = Output Voltage
Vi = Input Voltage
For Example--  Vi = 9V,  R1 = 1000 ohm, R2 = 600

Than               Output Vo =  (9 X 600)/ (1000+600)
                                    Vo = 3.375 V 

Note - Agar R1, R2 ki value same hoti hai to Output votage (Vo), Input voltage (Vi) ki half ho jati hai. Mean Agar Vi =10V hai to Vo= 5V ho jayegi.




Capacitive Voltage Divider circuit :- 

Yah circuit Capacitor ka use krke bnaya jata hai. Yah circuit basically AC  ko step-down krne ke liya bnaya jata hai. Niche circuit ke according C1, C2 ki value ko change krke output voltage ko change kar skte hai, sath hi agar frequency bhi change hone par voltage change ho jata hai. Yah theoretical and Practically dono treeke se easily voltage ko measure kiya ja skta hai.

(3). Capacitive Voltage divider 









Here  
        Xc1 & Xc2 =  Capacitive reactance value
  Vo = Output Voltage
Vi = Input Voltage


                 here            Xc = 1/2𝛑fc
                      𝛑 = 3.14
                              f  = Input voltage frequency 
                              c = Capacitance of capacitor    

Inductive Voltage Divider cπircuit :-

Yah circuit Inductor ka use krke bnaya jata hai. Yah circuit basically AC  ko step-down krne ke liya bnaya jata hai. Neeche circuit ke according L1, L2 ki value ko change krke output voltage ko change kar skte hai, sath hi agar frequency bhi change hone par voltage change ho jata hai. 
Yaha theoretical and Practically dono treeke se easily voltage ko measure kiya ja skta hai.

(4). Inductive Voltage Divider










Here  
  XL1 & XL2 =  Resistor Value
              Vo = Output Voltage
            Vi = Input Voltage

Here      X =  2𝛑fL      
 𝛑 = 3.14
                                                f  = Input voltage frequency 
                                                L = Inductance of Inductor   


Summary - Voltage Divider ka use sensor based project or ADC projects mai kafi kiya jata, e.g. Kisi resistive voltage divider ke kisi ek resistor ko hta kar uski jagah resistive sensor (LDR, Thermistor, strain gauge etc.) ka use kiya jata hai jisse yah circuit Microcontoller ke liye ADC ka kam krta hai.




                               

                               Electronics क्या  है ? 

                              Voltage Regulator IC 7805, 7809, 7812

                               Sensor 

                               Embedded System Protocol                                     
                               Logic Gate | लॉजिक गेट 
                               
                               


                         


Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology)  so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.



Please share my post link and Follow



Thank you very much

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Logic Gate | लॉजिक गेट

Logic Gate ese electronic circuit hote hai jiske upper poori digital electronic bni hai. Bina logic gate ke koi bhi Digital system (आटोमेटिक सिस्टम ) nhi bnaya ja skta hai. Iss post mai Logic gate ki working, Logic symbol, Types of logic gate, Truth table etc. ke bare mai diya hai.
Electric circuit of logic gate, Practical लॉजिक गेट


                                    



Definition:- Vah electronic circuit jo digital system (Computer, Memory, smart electronics devices) ke ese part hote hai jo 1 ya 1 se adhik input data lete hai or inputs ke base par 1 nya output data generate kate hai Logic Gates kahlate hai.

General Logic Gate ko Transistor and Diode ki help se bnaya jata hai. 
Ex-- Simple language mai kho to jab ham Phone se picture lete hai to vah digital form (0, 1) mai memory mai save ho jati hai, or memory bhut sare logic gates ke combination se bnayi jati hai.

TYPES OF MAIN LOGIC GATES:

  • AND Gate
  • OR Gate
  • NOT Gate
  • NAND Gate
  • NOR Gate



AND gate:
AND gate logical multiplication ke base mai work krta hai. Mean agar iske input mai koi bhi data 0 hota hai to output hmesa 0 hota hai.

AND gate @ Electronics and technology
Boolean Expression (Output):  Y = A.B

TRUTH TABLE:  2 input AND gate ka truth table niche diya hoa he jisme A aur B input he or Y output hai.



Input A Input B Output Y
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1


Note - Yha Logic gates ke symbol diye gye hai. Ek actual gate ka circuit electronic components ke use se bnaye jate hai jo ki bhut logo ko pta nhi hota, Gates ka actual electronic circuit and use dusri post mai diya gya hai.
OR Gate: OR gate logical Addition ke base mai work krta hai. Mean agar iske input mai koi bhi data 1 hota hai to output hmesa 1hota hai.


OR gate @ Electronics and Technology
Boolean Expression: Y = A + B



TRUTH TABLE:  2 input OR gate ka truth table niche diya hoa he jisme A aur B input he or Y output hai.

Input A Input B Output Y
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1


NOT Gate or Inverter:
The NOT gate or Inverter wo logic gate hota jisme ek input(A) aur ek output(Y) hota. NOT Gate 1 ko 0 mai & 0 ko 1 mai convert karta hai.
NOT Gate @ Electronics and Technology
Boolean Expression:        Y = Ā

TRUTH TABLE: NOT gate ka truth table niche diya gya hai, jisme A  he or Y output hai.


Input A Output Y
0 1
1 0

NAND Gate:
 NAND gate ko AND gate & NOT gate ko add krke bnaya jata hai. Mean jab AND ke aage NOT ko add kar diya jata hai.
NAND Gate @ Electronics and technology
Koi bhi input 0 hone par Output hmesa 1 hota hai.

NAND gate ko  universal gate bhi kaha jata hai. kyuki keval isi gate ki help se hum koi bhi gate ko bna sakte he jese AND, OR aur NOT gate.

Boolean Expression:      Y =  A.B 

TRUTH TABLE:  2 input OR gate ka truth table niche diya hoa he jisme A aur B input he or Y output hai.
Input A Input B Output Y
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0

NOR gate:
NOR gate,  OR gate & NOT gate ko add krke bnaya jata hai. Iska output tbhi high (1) hota hai jab sare input low (0) hoge
NOR Gate @ Electronics and Technology
NOR gate bhi ek universal gate kuki iski help se AND, OR, NOT gate ko bnaya ja skta hai.

Boolean Expression:        Y =    A+B 

TRUTH TABLE:  2 input OR gate ka truth table niche diya hoa he jisme A aur B input he or Y output hai.

Input A Input B Output Y
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
Boolean expression mai hmrsa - 1.1 = 1, 1+1 = 1, 1.0 = 0, 0.1 = 0 & 1+0 = 1 hota hai.
Truth table mai number of possible condition 2n          
hoti hai. Yha 'n' number of input lines ko show krta hai.
So 2 input A, B ke liye number of condition = 2
                                                                                 = 4 hai.
    

           All Electronic Components| इलेक्ट्रॉनिक कंपोनेंट्स 

                         Use of Electronic 
                
                         Voltage Regulator IC

                        Transistor Switching with Relay



Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology)  so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.

Please share my post link and Follow
Thank you very much

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

50 Important Electronics Engineering Objective Question in Hindi+English

Iss post mai science and technology ke 50 most important objective question answer diye gye hai. Ye question exam or GK ke purpose se bhut hi useful hai. Ye question Har kisi ko pta hona chiyye. Kuki knowledge ke according hi hm apna decision lete hai.
Iss post mai different- different types ke objective question diye gye hai.

Please read it with attention 

1. Vah device jo kisi sound (aawaj)  ko electrical signal mai convert krta hai ?


             (a)  Speaker 
             (b)  Micro- phone (Mic)
             (c)  Sensor
             (d)  Non of these 







2. Transistor kon se region mai as a amplifier  kam krta hai?


             (a)  Active region 
             (b)  Saturation region
             (c)  Cut-off region 
             (d)  Both (a), (b)

3. Transistor kon se region mai switching ke liye use kiya jata hai ?


             (a)  Active region 
             (b)  Saturation region
             (c)  Cut-off region 
             (d)  Both (a), (c)


4.  BC547 kya hai hai ?


             (a)  FET
             (b)  PNP transistor 
             (c)  NPN transistor 
             (d)  Non of these  

5. BC557 kya hai ?


             (a)   MOSFET
             (b)   PNP transistor 
             (c)   NPN transistor 
             (d)  Non of these 

6. Kisi Ceramic capacitor ke upper 104 likha hai to iska capacitance ktna hoga ?


             (a)  100 nF
             (b)  10 nF
             (c)  1 nF
             (d)  1uF

7. 8051 kitne bit ka microcontroller hai ?


             (a)  64bit
             (b)  32 bit 
             (c)  16 bit
             (d)  8 bit


8. MOSFET ka full form ?


             (a)  Metal Oxide Field Effect Transformer 
             (b)  Metal Oxide Field Electric Transistor
             (c)  Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor
             (d)  Non of these 

9. SCR ka full form ?



             (a)  Silicon Control Resistor 
             (b)  Silicon Capacitor & Resistor 
             (c)  Silicon Control Rectifier 
             (d)  Non of these

10. LED ka Full form ?


             (a)  Light Emitting Diode 
             (b)  Light Effect Diode 
             (c)  both (a,b)
             (d)  Non of these



Answer of Above 10 Questions-  

1- (b) Micro- phone (Mic)2- (a) Active region 3 - (b) Saturation region4- (c) NPN transistor,  5- (b) PNP transistor ,  
6- (a) 100 nF,  7- (d) 8 bit,   8- (c) Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor,  9- (c) Silicon Control Rectifier,  10- (a) Light Emitting Diode



11. kisi 2 point ke beech current ko le jane wale ko kya khte hai?


             (a)  Loop
             (b)  Network 
             (c)  Circuit 
             (d)  Non of these  

12. Kisi circuit mai resistance ke increase hone par current ke flow mai kya effect hota hai ?


             (a)  Decrease hoti hai
             (b)  Increase hoti hai 
             (c)  Constant hoti hai 
             (d)  Non of these 

13. Kisi conductor ka temperature bdhne par us conductor ka resistance ?


             (a)  Decrease hoti hai
             (b)  Increase hoti hai 
             (c)  Constant hoti hai 
             (d)  Non of these 


14. Kisi Semi-conductor ka temperature bdhne par us conductor ka resistance ?


             (a)  Decrease hoti hai
             (b)  Increase hoti hai
             (c)  Constant hoti hai 
             (d)  Non of these 


15. Kisi transistor mai kitne PN junctions hote hai?


             (a)  1
             (b)  2
             (c)  3
             (d)  4

16. Transistor ka DC current gain kya hota hai ?


             (a)  Ratio of Collector Current to Base Current
             (b)  Ratio of Collector Current to Emitter current
             (c)  Ratio of Emitter Current to Base Current
             (d)  Ratio of Emitter Current to Collector Current

17.  Transistor BC547 ka SMD version ?


             (a)  647
             (b)  747
             (c)  847
             (d)  947


18. Bidirectional diode ka circuit mai kya use hai ?


             (a) Transient-voltage-suppression 
             (b)  High voltage
             (c)  Low voltage 
             (d)  Non of these 


19. Kisi SMD resistor mai 1201 print hai to iska resistance kitna hoga ?


             (a)  12 ohm
             (b)  12k ohm
             (c)  1.2k ohm
             (d)  1.2 ohm


20. Inme se konsa SMD resistor ka package nhi hai ?


             (a)  0805
             (b)  0603
             (c)  0502
             (d)  0201

Answer of Above 10 Questions-  

11- (c) Circuit , 12- (a) Decrease hoti hai, 13- (b) Increase hoti hai 14- (a) Decrease hoti hai15- (b) 2,  16- (a) Ratio of Collector Current to Base Current17- (c) 84718- (a) Transient-voltage-suppression 19- (c) 1.2k ohm 20- (c) 0502


21. Mobile charger kis technologies kis technologies mai work krta hai ?


             (a)  AC to DC
             (b)  DC to AC
             (c)  step down 
             (d)  Fly-back switching technology


22. Us bridge diode ki output frequency kya hogi jiski input frequency 60Hz hai ?


             (a)  120 Hz
             (b)  100 Hz
             (c)   60 Hz
             (d)  50 Hz

23. Konsa Capacitor High energy ko store krta hai ?


             (a)  Electrolyte 
             (b)  Mica 
             (c)  Ceramic 
             (d)  Polyester 

24. Super conductor ka resistance kitna hota hai ?


             (a)  0
             (b)  ∞
             (c)  greater than 0
             (d)  Non of these

25. 1 diode and 1 1k ohm ke resistor ko series mai lga kar 9 volt ka voltage apply kiya jata hai circuit mai current kitna flow hogi ?


             (a)  0 A
             (b)  6.3 mA
             (c)  8.3 A
             (d)  8.3 mA


26. ek transistor CE mode, VCC = +20 V. ydi transistor  cut off region mai ho to , VCE =

             (a)  +20
             (b)  +10
             (c)  +30
             (d)   0

27. Transistor ka input impedance hota hai?


             (a)  Very High
             (b)  High
             (c)  Low 
             (d)  Zero


28. Transitor mai α  ki value kitni hoti hai?


             (a)  0
             (b)  1
             (c)  99
             (d)  0<1

29. Transistor ka output impedance?


             (a)  Very low 
             (b)  Low 
             (c)  High
             (d)  0

30. Transistor ka konsa arrangement sbse jyada use kiya jata hai?


             (a)  Common Emitter
             (b)  Common Base
             (c)  Common Collector
             (d)  Non of these


Answer of Above 10 Questions-  


21- (c) Fly-back switching technology22- (a) 120Hz,  23- (b) Mica , 24- (a) 0, 25- (d) 8.3 mA26- (a)  +2027- (c) Low
28- (b) 129- (c) High,  30- (a) Common Emitter,


31. Binary No. 1101 ki decimal value kya hogi ?


             (a)  11
             (b)  12
             (c)  13
             (d)  14


32. Universal gate konsa hota hai.?


             (a)  OR Gate
             (b)  AND gate
             (c)  NAND gate
             (d)  NOT gate

33. Kisi NOT gate ke Input mai '1'signal dete hai to to output signal kya hota hai ?


             (a)  0
             (b)  1
             (c)  10
             (d)  100

34. Ek half adder ka output kya hoga ?


             (a)  Sum and carry
             (b)  Carry
             (c)   Sum
             (d)  Non of these

35. Vah konsi devices hai jisme 1 input or many output hote hai?


             (a)  Multiplexer
             (b)  Demultiplexer
             (c)  Coder
             (d)  Decoder

36. 1's Complement of 1100101 ?


             (a)  1100100
             (b)  0011010
             (c)  0110011
             (d)  Non of these

37. Flip-flop kya hai ?


             (a)  Group of register
             (b)  Group of memory
             (c)  Group of  tranasitor
             (d)  Non of these


38. Full form of ADC ?


             (a)  Analog to Digital Coder
             (b)  Amplify after  Digital convesion 
             (c)  Analog to Digital Converter 
             (d)  Non of these

39. 1 TB kiske brabar hai


             (a)  1024 GB
             (b)  1024 MB
             (c)  1024 KB
             (d)  1024 Byte

40. Inme se knsa communication protocol nhi hai ?


             (a)  I2C
             (b)  UART
             (c)  SPI
             (d)  None of these 

Answer of Above 10 Question-  

31- (c) 13,  32- (c) NAND33- (a) 034-  (a) Sum and carry,       35- (b) Demultiplexer36- (b) 001101037- (a)  Group of register38-  (c)  Analog to Digital Converter 
39- (a)  1024 GB40-  (d)  None of these 

41. Full form of RTL ?


             (a)  Register- Tranasistor Logic
             (b)  Resistor- Tranasistor Inductor
             (c)  Both a, b
             (d)  Non of these

42. Counter Devices kya krti hai?


             (a)  Input ko count krti hai
             (b)  output ko count krti hai
             (c)  Variable ko count krti hai
             (d)  Kisi event ke time ko store krti hai

43 . Counter kitne types ke hote hai?


             (a)  1
             (b)  2
             (c)  3
             (d)  4

44. Logic gate ek esa electronics circuit hota hai jo ?


             (a)  Logic decision krta hai
             (b)  Current ko ek direction mai flow krta hai
             (c)  Circuit ko protect krta hai
             (d)  Circuit ko control krta hai

45. Ek X-OR gate tbhi output high deta ha jab do input ?


             (a)  Same hote hai
             (b)  Different
             (c)  High
             (d)  Low

46. Sbhi flip-flop ........ bit store krte hai ?


             (a)  8 bit
             (b)  4 bit 
             (c)  1 bit
             (d)  0 bit

47. Boolean algebra AB+A =........... ?


             (a)  A
             (b)  B
             (c)  AB
             (d)  A+B



47. Boolean algebra, A+A =........... ?


             (a)  A
             (b)  B
             (c)  AB
             (d)  A+B


49. 3 variable (x,y,z) ke liye kitne minterms hote hai ?


             (a)  0
             (b)  1
             (c)  4
             (d)  8

50. K-Map mai 4 variable(w,x,y,z) ke liye kitne cells hote hai?


             (a)  2
             (b)  4
             (c)  8
             (d)  16


Answer of Above 10 Question-  

41- (c) 7805, 42- (d) Kisi event ke time ko store krti hai43- (c) 3, 44- (d) Passive, 45- (d) Both b,c, 46- (b) MOV, 47- (c) Printed Circuit Board, 48- (c) 10 volt, 49- (d) 850- (d) 16


       Also read
                        Cell phone ko overheat hone se kese bchaye
                                    
                                    How to make C program for Calculator in Hindi
                  
              Different types of measuring instruments (मापन  यंत्र )

                   Technical Short form and Full Form  


Dear readers if you have any question and suggestions related to my any post or My site (Electronics & Technology)  so you can leave message in comment box. I will try to give answer of your questions in short time.



Please share my post link and Follow


Thank you very much